Category Archives: Computer

Computer

Composite video PCB working

UPDATE 20221108

Soldered the components on the print
No more sync issues! (see post https://www.henriaanstoot.nl/2022/10/19/composite-video-with-atmega328p/ )

There are some duplicate characters, the input device below does not have a proper debounce method.

My temporary input device (note hex 21 is a “!” character)

No need to fix the debounce, the dipswitches are temporary. This will be controlled by the VIA 6522 chip.

UPDATE 20221108 (Connected to second VIA)

PORTB = $5000
PORTA = $5001
DDRB = $5002
DDRA = $5003
clock = $e0

E  = %10000000
RW = %01000000
RS = %00000000

  .org $0200

reset:
  ldx #$ff
  txs

  lda #%11111111 ; Set all pins on port B to output
  sta DDRB
  lda #%10000000 ; Set top pin on port A to output
  sta DDRA
  lda #$00  ; reset bit
  sta PORTA
  sta clock

  ldx #0
print:
  lda message,x
  beq printborder
  jsr print_char
  inx
  jmp print

loop:
  jmp loop

message:
        .db 0x01,0x04,0x0C,0x0E,0x10,0x0F,0x08
        .db 0x05,0x0a,0x0a
        .db 0x05,0x0b,0x0b
        .asc "Composite Video 6502 - 20221108"
        .db 0x0E,0x11,0x0F,0x0C
        .asciiz " With 2 pixels "

waitloop:
  pha
  tya
  pha
  ldy #$ff
back:
  dey
  bne back
  pla
  tay
  pla
  rts

print_char:
  sta PORTB
  jsr waitloop
  jsr waitloop
  lda clock
  eor #%10000000
  sta clock
  sta PORTA
  jsr waitloop
  lda clock
  eor #%10000000
  sta PORTA
  jsr waitloop
  rts

Control codes as from : http://searle.x10host.com/MonitorKeyboard/index.html

Video display control codes:
Hex (Decimal) and meaning
01 (01) - Cursor home (Standard ASCII)
02 (02) - Define cursor character (2nd byte is the curs character, or 00 to turn off) <--New for 3.0
03 (03) - Cursor blinking
04 (04) - Cursor solid
05 (05) - Set graphics pixel (next two bytes = x,y) <--New for 3.0
06 (06) - Reset graphics pixel (next two bytes = x,y) <--New for 3.0
08 (08) - Backspace (Standard ASCII)
09 (09) - Tab (Standard ASCII)
0A (11) - Linefeed (Standard ASCII)
0C (12) - Clear screen (Standard ASCII)
0D (13) - Carriage return (Standard ASCII)
0E (14) - Set column 0 to 79 (2nd byte is the column number) or 0 to 39 for a 40 char line
0F (16) - Set row 0 to 24 (2nd byte is the row number)
10 (16) - Delete start of line
11 (17) - Delete to end of line
12 (18) - Delete to start of screen
13 (19) - Delete to end of screen
14 (20) - Scroll up
15 (21) - Scroll down
16 (22) - Scroll left
17 (23) - Scroll right
18 (24) - Set font attribute for the current line (see elsewhere on this page for details) <--New for 3.0
1A (26) - Treat next byte as a character (to allow PC DOS char codes 1 to 31 to be displayed on screen)
1B (27) - ESC - reserved for ANSI sequences
1C (28) - Cursor right
1D (29) - Cursor Left
1E (30) - Cursor up
1F (31) - Cursor down
20 (32) to 7E (126) - Standard ASCII codes
7F (127) - Delete
80 (128) to FF (255) - PC (DOS) extended characters
Computer, IOT / Domoticz

Home Assistant/NodeRed update

Upgraded the 2nd (Main) nodered machine to 3.0
Now the node-red-contrib-home-assistant-websocket nodes work again.

Also updated HA, and added some iframes using below.
The HA update broke my mqtt lighting due to changes in the code.

Below also in the example some iframe entries.
( When adding grafana, you need to change grafana.ini

allow_embedding = true

mqtt:
 broker: mqttbrokerserver <--- still errors on this part, 
 discovery: true   <--- but where to configure?
 light:                             <--- Moved this under mqtt
  - name: "KitchenOutside"          <--- added a dash
    payload_on: "99"
    payload_off: "0"
    unique_id: "KitchenOutside"
    brightness_scale: "99"
    brightness_state_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol
    brightness_command_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol
    state_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol
    command_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/control
    optimistic: false
    on_command_type: brightness

panel_iframe:                     <--- iframes added
  nodered:
    title: "NodeRed"
    url: "http://noderedserver:1880/"
    icon: si:nodered
    require_admin: true
  domoticz:
    title: "Domoticz"
    url: "http://domoticzserver:8080/"
    icon: si:homeadvisor
    require_admin: true
    
influxdb:
    host: influxserver
    port: 8086
    database: homeassistant
    max_retries: 3
    default_measurement: state <--- changed this

HomeAssistant add long-lived access token:

  • Click you profile icon bottom right
  • Scroll all the way down and press create token

Node-red

Add a HA node to a flow, double click and add a server with the little pencil

Base URL is important, you can’t just add http://internalip:port
Use a the URL configured in HA (config/network)

Computer, Music

Automating the h*ll out of windows applications using linux

I’m using a windows program for typesetting bagpipe music.
Luckily this runs on Linux using wine.

Sometimes i just want a PDF version of a tune, for example for my tunebook compiler. (Other post)
Or i want to batch convert a lot of bww files.

A long time ago i used a virtual machine with automation software for this.
Why not automate the process on my Laptop?

So i made this script, with a workaround for the xdotool wine problem.
(wine window needs to be active to accept key strokes, other linux xwindows you can use the ID of the window) 

#!/bin/bash
# use c for close at the end, without c bgplayer wont be shut down
# bww2pdf path/to/music.bww c
# make tmp file
cat "$1" > /tmp/deze.bww
# start bgplayer if not started .. if not started wait 3 secs
slp=0
pgrep BGPlayer.exe >/dev/null || slp=3
pgrep BGPlayer.exe  >/dev/null|| ( nohup wine ~/.wine/dosdevices/c\:/Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/Bagpipe\ Player/BGPlayer.exe & )
sleep $slp
# get program id
pid=$(pgrep BGPlayer.exe)
# get xwindow id using pid
winid=$(xdotool search --limit 1 --all --pid $pid)
# activate window
xdotool search --desktop 0 --class "BGPlayer.exe" windowactivate
# open file menu and Open file
xdotool key --window $winid "alt+f"
xdotool key --window $winid "o"
# give program time to execute
sleep 1
# open our tmp file
xdotool type '\tmp\deze.bww'
xdotool key KP_Enter
sleep 2
# open file menu select Print and PDF as output
xdotool key "alt+f"
xdotool key "p"
xdotool key "P"
sleep 2
# execute
xdotool key KP_Enter
sleep 1
# File close
xdotool key "alt+f"
xdotool key "c"
sleep 2
# close program when c was added to commandline
mv ~/PDF/deze* "$1.pdf"
if [ "$2" == "c" ] ; then 
	xdotool key "alt+f"
	xdotool key "x"
fi
I’m not touching the keyboard when the program is running, all handled by the script
Computer, Tech

Prints from China

A few weeks ago i designed a print using Kicad.

Today they have arrived!

Now I have to wait a little more .. A 74HTC166 and a straightup RCA connector.

I the past, a long time ago i made my own single side pcb’s using acids.
A messy job, often gone wrong.

Old skool example https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PwCp3A3RSk

Or https://www.circuitsonline.net/artikelen/view/1/print

Computer, IOT / Domoticz

Home Assistant and 433 Dimmers

Getting 433Mhz dimmers working under HA is a pain in the *ss.

After moving my Rfxcom from domoticz to HA, there was still no good way to add dimmers.
I’ve tried adding switches and migrating them to lights, but it didn’t work.

So i took another approach.

Domoticz has a good 433 to mqtt plugin. So i used NodeRed to talk to HA and Domoticz via MQTT.

Rfxcom 433Mhz

Domoticz

MQTT gateway setup

Home Assistant

/config/configuration.yaml

light:    
  - platform: mqtt
    name: "KitchenOutside"
    payload_on: "99"
    payload_off: "0"
    unique_id: "KitchenOutside"
    brightness_scale: "99"
    brightness_state_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol
    brightness_command_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol
    state_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol
    command_topic: ha433/kitchenoutside/control
    optimistic: false
    on_command_type: brightness
  - platform: mqtt
    name: "Living5Spots"
    payload_on: "30"
    payload_off: "0"
    unique_id: "Living5Spots"
    brightness_scale: "30"
    brightness_state_topic: ha433/Living5Spots/brightcontrol
    brightness_command_topic: ha433/Living5Spots/brightcontrol
    state_topic: ha433/Living5Spots/brightcontrol
    command_topic: ha433/Living5Spots/control
    optimistic: false
    on_command_type: brightness

Node Red

Flow

Node-RED Deploy
Search flows
Node	
"d4aab6722750908c"
Type	function
show more 
Export nodes
Export
[
    {
        "id": "31dba0859e04acb4",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "a49c5bcd66c12a46",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "ha433/kitchenoutside/brightcontrol",
        "qos": "2",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "8c74c5f6.9a7a48",
        "nl": false,
        "rap": true,
        "rh": 0,
        "inputs": 0,
        "x": 330,
        "y": 160,
        "wires": [
            [
                "e2501f2b6e2ab43d"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "e2501f2b6e2ab43d",
        "type": "function",
        "z": "a49c5bcd66c12a46",
        "name": "Dimmer function",
        "func": "var idx = 9735;\nvar bright = msg.payload;\nmsg.payload = {};\nmsg.payload = {\"command\": \"switchlight\", \"idx\": idx, \"switchcmd\": \"Set Level\", \"level\": bright};\nreturn msg;",
        "outputs": 1,
        "noerr": 0,
        "initialize": "",
        "finalize": "",
        "libs": [],
        "x": 690,
        "y": 160,
        "wires": [
            [
                "5f0314b0950d24c0"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "5f0314b0950d24c0",
        "type": "mqtt out",
        "z": "a49c5bcd66c12a46",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "domoticz2/in",
        "qos": "",
        "retain": "",
        "respTopic": "",
        "contentType": "",
        "userProps": "",
        "correl": "",
        "expiry": "",
        "broker": "8c74c5f6.9a7a48",
        "x": 970,
        "y": 160,
        "wires": []
    },
    {
        "id": "95eb4d0ed97fdefb",
        "type": "mqtt in",
        "z": "a49c5bcd66c12a46",
        "name": "",
        "topic": "ha433/kitchenoutside/control",
        "qos": "2",
        "datatype": "auto",
        "broker": "8c74c5f6.9a7a48",
        "nl": false,
        "rap": true,
        "rh": 0,
        "inputs": 0,
        "x": 320,
        "y": 220,
        "wires": [
            [
                "d4aab6722750908c"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "d4aab6722750908c",
        "type": "function",
        "z": "a49c5bcd66c12a46",
        "name": "Off function",
        "func": "var idx = 9735;\nvar bright = 0;\nmsg.payload = {};\nmsg.payload = {\"command\": \"switchlight\", \"idx\": idx, \"switchcmd\": \"Set Level\", \"level\": bright};\nreturn msg;",
        "outputs": 1,
        "noerr": 0,
        "initialize": "",
        "finalize": "",
        "libs": [],
        "x": 670,
        "y": 220,
        "wires": [
            [
                "5f0314b0950d24c0"
            ]
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "8c74c5f6.9a7a48",
        "type": "mqtt-broker",
        "name": "mqttserver",
        "broker": "mqttserver",
        "port": "1883",
        "clientid": "",
        "usetls": false,
        "compatmode": true,
        "keepalive": "15",
        "cleansession": true,
        "birthTopic": "",
        "birthQos": "0",
        "birthPayload": "",
        "closeTopic": "",
        "closePayload": "",
        "willTopic": "",
        "willQos": "0",
        "willPayload": ""
    }
]
Mqtt Broker output

So …. this works, and i have now a generic mqtt “router”

Update: Below works now

Computer, Movies

Streaming, recording, videocall and more

I use a bunch of different tools to create video’s or stream stuff.
Below is some info about those tools.

Software:

  • Kdenlive – Linear video editor (Adding text, transitions, etc)
  • VLC media player – For example to embed video in OBS
  • OBS – Opensource Broadcast software, i use this also to record my screen – You can use this as a virtual webcam, so you can fool around with the image.
  • Audacity – For editing audio
  • QPrompt – Teleprompter

For OBS i made a shortcut/macro keyboard thingy. Based on an arduino pro mini. (Which can connect to a computer acting like a HID, for example a keyboard or mouse)
I use this one to emulate keystrokes which i’ve configured in OBS to do:

  • Switch to scene 1
  • Switch to scene 2
  • Transition from scene to scene
  • Start streaming
  • Start recording
  • Mute
  • [empty] – sometimes used as “start virtual webcam”
  • Slow transition
  • Blank screen
  • Display overlay text

(Originally i planned to do this with a Nextion Display)

Mobile Phone holder, like a third hand

Sometimes a Nikon on a tripod is better.

Chromakey / Green screen
Portable version
Green screens .. loads of fun
Video grabbers

I don’t have a dedicated webcam for my battlestation. So i mainly use a Actioncam (4k) which can be connected via USB. Or i use a Nikon together with the Camlink.

So i record using my mobile, webcam, screen record
Edit using Audacity and Kdenlive.

When recording with OBS i use MP4 as a container, this is a no-brainer to embed in websites. Use mkv when recording long shots, or when connections can break. (A mp4 will be corrupted)

ffmpeg -i streamrecord.mkv -codec copy putinmp4container.mp4

I’ve played around with StreamFX which gives you some nice extra tools.
(There are loads of plugins to download)
Using websockets is on my todolist.

A little OBS trick without green screen

StreamFX example

Working on a blender animation.
Realtime screen grab, which gets 3D placed in a scene.

Computer, Hobby, IOT / Domoticz, Tech

Not much new

Last days .. welllll doing al kinds of stuff.

Composite video print designed and ordered from china.

Changed some vlans in my network.
I need to think of a way to extract/migrate domoticz 433 info into a new instance.
For example .. i’ve got some instances in my device list which are only being controlled by domoticz, there is no remote i can reuse.

Tried welding again, because i could not do it for a long time, i noticed i have to practice again after 2 years.
(I’ve got a dedicated power outlet outside now .. 🙂

Last 8mm films work done. (Converted all of my dad’s old 8mm reels)

Designed a hidden remote cabinet, holding remotes out of sight for the occasions when automation doesn’t work.

Designed also a wooden wall with hidden cabinets in our bedroom.

Repaired a Gardena Leafblower .. again!

Computer

Playing with my private search engine

Searx is a free and open-source metasearch engine, available under the GNU Affero General Public License version 3, with the aim of protecting the privacy of its users. To this end, Searx does not share users’ IP addresses or search history with the search engines from which it gathers results.

It’s easy to install using docker, but i wanted to add my own mysql server data. ( pipetune search engine data in below example )
There are many search plugins and quite hackable.
But there was a missing python module in a docker image.

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘mysql’

So i build a new docker image based on the original

# Install docker and docker-compose

cd /usr/local
git clone https://github.com/searxng/searxng-docker.git
cd searxng-docker
Edit the .env file to set the hostname 
Generate the secret key sed -i "s|ultrasecretkey|$(openssl rand -hex 32)|g" searxng/settings.yml
Edit the searxng/settings.yml file according to your need
Check everything is working: docker-compose up
Run SearXNG in the background: docker-compose up -d

I’ve changed the docker-compose.yaml

Changed
<     image: searxng/searxng:latest

into 
>     build: .

And
changed the listen address
<      - "127.0.0.1:8080:8080"
into
>      - "8080:8080"

Created a Dockerfile

FROM searxng/searxng:latest
RUN pip install mysql-connector-python

Changed searxng/settings.yml

engines:
  - name: tunesdb
    engine: mysql_server
    host: 10.12.0.xx
    database: pipetunesearch
    username: xxxxxxx
    password: xxxxxxx
    limit: 50
    query_str: 'SELECT * from tunes WHERE tunename=%(query)s'

I could not use a like statement in de sql query .. have to look into that

    query_str: 'SELECT * from tunes WHERE tunename like %(query)%' .. doesn´t work

Example showing own data

To complete this post the reverse proxy info ..

<VirtualHost *:443>
   SSLEngine on
   SSLProxyEngine On

   SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3 +TLSv1
   SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:!RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM

   SSLCertificateFile wildcard.cer
   SSLCertificateKeyFile my.key
   SSLCertificateChainFile GlobalSignRootCA.cer
   SSLCertificateChainFile AlphaSSLCA-SHA256-G2.cer

   CustomLog /var/log/httpd/search_ssl_request_log "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"

    ServerAdmin webmaster@henriaanstoot.nl
    ServerName search.henriaanstoot.nl

ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
SSLProxyVerify none
SSLProxyCheckPeerCN off
SSLProxyCheckPeerName off

<Location />
ProxyPass  http://dockerhostip:8080/
ProxyPassReverse  http://dockerhostip:8080/
</Location>

    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/search.henriaanstoot.nl-error.log
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/search.henriaanstoot.nl-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
Computer

Composite video with Atmega328p

I started to get some composite video generated with a arduino for my 6502 project.

UPDATE: 20221021

It is based on Grant Searle’s design, and yesterday I had some signals on my scope which looked like a screen with a character. But my monitor would not recognize a usable signal.

Today I tried a second version and another set of chips and crystals.

It looks like a signal, but I can’t see a clock pulse from the crystal?! So .. how?

Maybe I used a bad power supply. And killed something?

UPDATE: 20221021

After switching to another power supply, and checking the atmega328p fuses again (also wrong) .. at least SOME success!

Still a little sync problem, but i’ve got a blinking cursor!
Some minipro info
#Erase
minipro -p ATMEGA328P@DIP28 -E

#Flash hex code
minipro -p ATMEGA328P@DIP28 -w SBCVideo.hex

#Flash fuses
minipro -p ATMEGA328P@DIP28 -e -c config -w fuses

#Used fuses file
lfuse = 0xf7
hfuse = 0xd9
efuse = 0xfc
lock = 0xff
lfuse = 0xff
hfuse = 0xff
efuse = 0xff
user_id0 = 0xff
user_id1 = 0xff
user_id2 = 0xff
user_id3 = 0xff
user_id4 = 0x37
user_id5 = 0x37
user_id6 = 0x39
user_id7 = 0x36


#Dump all from atmega328p
minipro -p ATMEGA328P@DIP28 -r dump -f ihex

Some info about the fuses:
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/projects/atmega328p-fuse-bits-and-an-external-crystal-oscillator

Computer

7 segment displays/keyboard decoders in SDK’s

There are a lot of old develop boards for all kinds for cpu’s.

These where build to learn machine code programming. Mostly made in the 80’s, and based on populair cpu’s at that time.

I own a some of these SDK’s (System Design Kits)

8085 – SDK85 i bought recently 8085 CPU
Microprofessor-1 (MPF-1) Z80 CPU
And my own 680x based computer

Most of these use a keyboard scanner which is also connected to 7 segment displays.

The way they work is practically the same. There is a VIA or PIA. Versitile interface adaptor, or Peripheral interface adaptor. These have two times 8 bits to control devices.
When using 4 bits and convert these to 16 lines by using a 75ls145 for example. If you put a counter on those 4 bits, you sequently activate 1 of 16 lines. These lines you can use to scan a keyboard matrix OR display a character on a 7 segment display. These display’s won’t hold the data (and show the character) when not activated. The trick is to update de display fast enough so you don’t see the flickering on/off.

Activate a line and read a byte with the VIA = Reading keyboard row
Activate a line and write a byte with the VIA = Display on a segment

These VIA/PIA’s where made with specific timings to match the CPU.
6522/6820/8255

Below you see some different implementations of these keyboard/display combo’s

Thaler 6502 kit
Microprofessor MPF-1 kit (ignore red circle)
SDK85 kit
Eltec 6800
My version using darlington arrays (ULN2003)

When looking at the 8085 version you see transistors being a ULN2003 is a chip with those transistors/amplification enclosed.
It doesn´t draw much current from the bus, and diodes protect the way the current flows.