Testing the first keyboard. It is the 8085-SDK hex matrix keyboard.
It is running on a Raspberry Pi Zero 2, without X server. So the images are displayed using the framebuffer. Also the touch data is read using evdev and the raw devices.
Todo:
HID part
Add a rotary button for the selection of the different Keyboard Layouts
Improvement keyboard matrix calculation to find out which key is being pressed.
Code to control AT/PS2 computers directly using GPIO pins
Add a controller to use Raw controlling of matrix pins ( 6502 C64 hardware for example )
import select
from math import floor
import sys
slot = 0
keysname=[["F","E","D","C","vect-int","reset"],
["B","A","9","8","GO","Single-Step"],
["7","6","5","4","Exam-reg","Subst-mem"],
["3","2","1","0","Exec","Next"],
]
keysnames=[["F","E","D","C","vect-int","reset"],
["B","A","L","H","GO","Single-Step"],
["PCL","PCH","SPL","SPH","Exam-reg","Subst-mem"],
["3","2","1","0",".",","],
]
for path in evdev.list_devices():
device = evdev.InputDevice(path)
if evdev.ecodes.EV_ABS in device.capabilities():
break
else:
sys.stderr.write('Failed to find the touchscreen.\n')
sys.exit(1)
while True:
r, w, x = select.select([device.fd], [], [])
id_ = -1
x = y = 0
for event in device.read():
if event.code == event.value == 0:
if id_ != -1:
yy = floor(( x - 600 ) / 700)
xx = floor(( y - 1377 ) / 226)
if yy < 4 and yy >=0 and xx < 6 and xx >= 00:
if slot == 1:
print(keysnames[yy][xx])
else:
print(keysname[yy][xx])
elif event.code == ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID:
id_ = event.value
elif event.code == ABS_MT_SLOT:
slot = event.value
elif event.code == ABS_MT_POSITION_X:
x = event.value
elif event.code == ABS_MT_POSITION_Y:
y = event.value
I came up with a simple matrix calculation
Pressing the 4 corner keys gave me x and y. I took averages for min and max reading. I don’t need pixel-perfect reading, and I noticed values between 960 and 3080 vertically. We want 960 – 3080 into 4 blocks, but the middle should start @ 960.
So 3080/3 = about 700 700 / 2 = 350 block 1 starts 350 sooner than 960 is ~ 600 Upper key y coords = 600-> + 700 Next is 1300 -> + 700 converting to whole numbers using floor gives me: floor(( y – 600 ) / 700) NOTE: My x and y are rotated
Example using coordinates 1600, 1600 floor(( 1600 – 600 ) / 700) = floor(1,4…) = 1st row (from row 0,1,2,3)
Made a clock circuit and busy designing a power-on-reset schematic. I’ve made one before, but this circuit needs RESET and HALT being pulled low.
8mhz 5V
The 68000 being 24 bit address and 16 bit data needs 2x 8-bit roms and 2x 8 bit ram, but i didn’t have the components yet in this picture.
Address decoder using ATF22V10C is also halfway. Schematics online soon.
Started a protected Git repo for C64 demo and proof of concepts for our old ICECREW group.
Installed Gitea, behind a reverse proxy. Part of reverse proxy
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
SSLProxyVerify none
SSLProxyCheckPeerCN off
SSLProxyCheckPeerName off
<Location />
ProxyPass http://10.x.y.z:3000/
ProxyPassReverse http://10.x.y.z:3000/
Require ip 213.10.144.27
Require ip a.b.c.d
Require ip e.f.g.h
</Location>
Gitea config with token login over https
Generate token
Login https://icecrew.henriaanstoot.nl/
Select your profile (upper right)
And select Settings > Applications
Select a name for your token. And press generate
Top screen shows a token, copy this!
Create new project
Press explore (upper left)
Select organisation and icecrew
Press New Repository, give a name and create
(press https when not defaulted, there is NO ssh to this server)
The example is wrong! (Use below changing TOKENHERE and PROJECTNAME
touch README.md
git init -b master
git add README.md
git commit -m "first commit"
git remote add origin https://TOKENHERE@icecrew.henriaanstoot.nl/icecrew/PROJECTNAME.git
git push -u origin master
Clone a project
Goto a project
press HTTPS when not defaulted to this.
git clone https://icecrew.henriaanstoot.nl/icecrew/borderflag.git
edit .git/config and add your token to the url ! to push
My Sidplayer as an option to select own collection. And I’ve made a top list
# Best composers (no order)
Ouwehand_Reyn
Tel_Jeroen
Huelsbeck_Chris
Rowlands_Steve
Hubbard_Rob
Daglish_Ben
Follin_Tim
Gray_Matt
Tjelta_Geir
Mibri (from get in the Van)
# Best tunes (no order)
R-Type.sid
Arkanoid.sid
Bottom.sid
Turbo_Outrun.sid
A_Tune_for_Unity.sid
Ohne_Dich_Rammstein.sid
# Start of own collection (not in above collection)
Abyssus_Ignis_[8580].sid
Catastrophe_[8580].sid
Dumb_Terminal_[8580].sid
Get_in_the_Van_[8580].sid
Getting_in_the_Van_[8580].sid
Supercharger_[8580].sid
Tuna_Guitar_[8580].sid
Investigating syncing effect to Sid music.
I got a great tip from Youth who made the Freakandel demo presented at X2024.
> Setup the loop to play the music
> Copy part of the memory to the screen ($0400) in the same loop to look for memory locations that are used as variables for the music. > Looking at
> Memory where the music is stored
> Zeropage ($00-$ff)
> See if there's some useful changes that coincide with for example drums
> For my own tunes, I use a music routine where I can put event markers in the music itself and react to those from the code. That's >how I synced https://www.micheldebree.nl/posts/big_angry_sprite/
> You could also try reading the SID registers for voice 3 (waveform and ADSR), those are the only ones that are not write-only. > Obviously you can then only react to those changes in voice 3.
I used retrodebugger to see which bytes are changing. Then I wrote a program which changes the background colour to this value. I also made a program to use a joystick to see which address have the most interesting effect. (use up)
!cpu 650rasterline
!to "borderflag.prg",cbm
* = $0801
!byte $0d,$08,$dc,$07,$9e,$20,$34
!byte $39,$31,$35,$32,$00,$00,$00
* = $c000
sei ; turn off interrupts
ldx #1 ; enable raster interrupts
stx $d01a
lda #<irq ; set raster interrupt vector
ldx #>irq
sta $0314
stx $0315
ldy #$f0 ; set first interrupt rasterline
sty $d012
lda $d011 ; reset rasterline hi bit
and #%01111111
sta $d011
asl $d019 ; ack VIC interrupts
cli
loop_until_doomsday
jmp loop_until_doomsday
irq
asl $d019 ; ack irq
lda #$01 ; set screenframe and background
sta $d020
lda #$02
sta $d021
lda #$38 ; wait for line $38
cmp $d012
bne *-3
lda #$02 ; set screenframe and background
sta $d020
lda #$01
sta $d021
lda #$f9 ; wait for line $f9C
cmp $d012 ; just below border in 25 row mode
bne *-3
lda $d011 ; switch to 24 row mode ($d011 bit 3 = 0)
and #$f7 ; %11110111
sta $d011
lda #$fd ; wait for line $fd
cmp $d012 ; just below border in 25 row mode
bne *-3
lda $d011 ; switch back to 25 row mode ($d011 bit 3 = 1)
ora #$08 ; %00001000
sta $d011
jmp $ea31 ; exit irq
I bought a little notebook while being there. I wrote about 12 pages of ideas, schematics and projects to start.
Rewrite Wozmon to use my composite pcb (Atmega328) access though via
Building a 68000 pcb with a minimal machine code monitor. Using a atf22v10 as address decoder. (Same as my 6502 , I love those devices) Maybe I’ll add a micro sdcard reader
Add a lcd matrix display to my 8088/8086
Creating a PLA alternative for C64 using ath22v10 (again)
Make backplanes for my 6502, so I can plug cards with different POC cards. Clockcard, Latched bus leds, multiple VIA’s, IRQ controller, SID + Buzzer (Maybe also AY-3-8910, see other posts), LCD, composite, serial, Matrix and serial_usb) keyboard)
IRQ controller because I have some devices without opendrain, so I can’t tie all IRQ’s together
Amiga Chip Mem mod for rev 5 (using a ‘new’ 8372A)
8085 Cartridge new approach
C64Pico fix and add backplane + breadboard version for POCs
… more
First version PLA with atf22v10
PCB mockup (two ATF22v10 on top and a wide pin setup for placement in C64
Wide PLA
8085 Cartridge revisited
Working on 8085 cartridge
Problem with cartridge: prg is 17k, exomized 10k. So you need 2 banks of 8k. This disables basic rom, needed for the program. The program needs to be relocated to 0x800 anyway. So my exomizer options will take care of that. But the basic is not being enabled again.
exomizer sfx sys -o data.exo -Di_ram_enter=\$37 -Di_ram_during=\$34 -f'LDA #$37 STA $01' 8085.prg
xa frame.asm -o frame.bin
x64 -cart16 frame.bin
Re-learning the little I knew (I never had a c64 as a kid). Back to basics, welll machine code I mean.
Programming a little demo using acme. Split screen bitmap and text mode plus sid music
Running a little demo in retrodebugger (missing the sid music in the recording)
Some useful commands
; Dump prg with offset 0x800 per byte and skip 00 00 lines xxd -o 0x800 -g1 icecrew.prg | uniq -f10
; Write symbol list acme -l icecrew.sym icecrew.asm
; png to kla (koala picture) retropixels icecrew.png -o icecrew.kla
; relocate a sid address sidreloc -r org.sid new.sid
Below code has some flaws:
Many empty gaps, creating a large file. Exomizer could fix this, but better memory management should be the better solution. The Koala file has many 0 bytes, the logo is small but the file is created for a full screen image.
Part of the program see $1000 of start of SID music
!cpu 6502
!to "icecrew1.prg",cbm
; Standard basic sys runner
basic_address = $0801
; sid addresses
; address moved using
; sidreloc -r Lameness_Since_1991.sid lame.sid
; addresses found using
;sidplay2 -v lame.sid
;+------------------------------------------------------+
;| SIDPLAY - Music Player and C64 SID Chip Emulator |
;| Sidplay V2.0.9, Libsidplay V2.1.1 |
;+------------------------------------------------------+
;| Title : Lameness Since 1991 |
;| Author : Peter Siekmann (Devilock) |
;| Released : 2017 Oxyron |
;+------------------------------------------------------+
;| File format : PlaySID one-file format (PSID) |
;| Filename(s) : lame.sid |
;| Condition : No errors |
;| Playlist : 1/1 (tune 1/1[1]) |
;| Song Speed : 50 Hz VBI (PAL) |
;| Song Length : UNKNOWN |
;+------------------------------------------------------+
;| Addresses : DRIVER = $1C00-$1CFF, INIT = $0FFF |
;| : LOAD = $0FFF-$1B25, PLAY = $1003 |
;| SID Details : Filter = Yes, Model = 8580 |
;| Environment : Real C64 |
;+------------------------------------------------------+
;
sid_address = $0fff
sid_play = $1003
sid_init = $0fff
; Character
char_address = $3800
screen_mem = $4400
; Koala address
bitmap_address = $6000
bitmap_data = $7f40
bitmap_color = $8328
bitmap_bgcolor = $8710
program_address = $c000
color_mem = $d800
reg_d011 = $D011
; VIC register
;Bit 7 (weight 128) is the most significant bit of the VIC's nine-bit raster register (see address 53266).
;Bit 6 controls extended color mode
;Bit 5 selects either the text screen ("0") or high resolution graphics ("1").
;Bit 4 controls whether the screen area is visible or not.
;Bit 3 selects 25 (when set to "1") or 24 (when set to "0") visible character lines on the text screen.
;Bit 0–2 is used for vertical pixel-by-pixel scrolling of the text or high resolution graphics.
; Rom routine to clear screen ( slow ! )
; Better to do this yourself
clear_screen = $e544
* = sid_address
!bin "lame.sid",,$7c+2
; standard charset
* = char_address
!bin "charset.chr"
; drawn with gimp converted using retropixel
; retropixels icecrew.png -o icecrew.kla
* = bitmap_address
!bin "icecrew.kla",,$02
; sys 49152
* = basic_address
!byte $0d,$08,$dc,$07,$9e,$20,$34,$39,$31,$35,$32,$00,$00,$00
* = program_address
sei
; init
lda #$00
tax
tay
jsr sid_init
jsr clear_screen
jsr load_bitmap
jsr init_text
ldy #$7f
sty $dc0d
sty $dd0d
lda $dc0d
lda $dd0d
lda #$01
sta $d01a
lda reg_d011
and #$7f
sta reg_d011
; move interrupt vector to bitmap
lda #<interruptbitmap
ldx #>interruptbitmap
sta $314 ; Low Address part IRQ vector
stx $315 ; High Address part IQR vector
ldy #$1b
sty reg_d011
lda #$7f
sta $dc0d
lda #$01
sta $d01a
; trigger interrupt at rasterline 0
lda #$00
sta $d012
cli
jmp *
interruptbitmap
inc $d019
; trigger interrupt at rasterline 128
lda #$80
sta $d012
lda #<interrupttxt
ldx #>interrupttxt
sta $314
stx $315
jsr bitmap_mode
jmp $ea81
interrupttxt
; ack IRQ
inc $d019
; IRQ at line 0
lda #$00
sta $d012
lda #<interruptbitmap
ldx #>interruptbitmap
sta $314
stx $315
jsr text_mode
jsr sid_play
jmp $ea81
bitmap_mode
; bitmap graphics multicolor
lda #$3b
sta reg_d011
lda #$18
sta $d016
; switch to video bank 2 ($4000-$7FFF)
lda $dd00
and #$fc
ora #$02
sta $dd00
lda #$18
sta $d018
rts
text_mode
; set text mode hires
lda #$1b
sta reg_d011
lda #$08
sta $d016
; switch to video bank 1 ($0000-$3FFF)
lda $dd00
and #$fc
ora #$03
sta $dd00
; set charset location
; 7 * 2048 = $3800, set in bits 1-3 of $d018
lda $d018
ora #$0e
sta $d018
rts
load_bitmap
lda bitmap_bgcolor
sta $d020
sta $d021
ldx #$00
copy_bmp
; screen memory
lda bitmap_data,x
sta screen_mem,x
lda bitmap_data+256,x
sta screen_mem+256,x
lda bitmap_data+512,x
sta screen_mem+512,x
lda bitmap_data+768,x
sta screen_mem+768,x
; color memory
lda bitmap_color,x
sta color_mem,x
lda bitmap_color+256,x
sta color_mem+256,x
lda bitmap_color+512,x
sta color_mem+512,x
lda bitmap_color+768,x
sta color_mem+768,x
inx
bne copy_bmp
rts
init_text
ldx #$00
copy_txt
lda text1,x
sta $0400+520,x
lda text2,x
sta $0400+640,x
lda text3,x
sta $0400+640+120,x
lda #$06
sta color_mem+520,x
lda #$0e
sta color_mem+640,x
lda #$0e
sta color_mem+640+120,x
inx
cpx #$28
bne copy_txt
rts
text1
!scr " back to oldskool demos in 2024 "
text2
!scr " greetings to bigred & tyrone & edk "
text3
!scr " a lot to relearn - keep coding! "
"If something is worth doing, it's worth overdoing."
