Tag Archives: raspberry

Raspberry Pi History Case

I started a little case for a collection of Raspberry devices.

Over the years, many Raspberries were designed and made.
It all started in 2012
I want to have a case with all RP’s i’ve used.

There are many iterations of the RPi, I’m missing a lot now. If you want to help me, send me old/broken raspberries to get the collection complete!

This is the case at the moment

Case with some Raspberries and Arduino’s I found lying around, I’m not going to dismantle projects. Only the RPi 1A, 4B, Zero, Zero W, Pico and RPi 400 are displayed.
Plastic sheet as protective layer still on there, should be clear as glass.

The case isn’t glued together yet. I’m not sure how and what to include.

  • Horizontal wooden bars to place the devices on?
  • Include a history of Arduino’s for now?
  • Put little notes in the case with information? Like my SDK-85 case?
  • ?

Get information about your RPi version

curl -L https://perturb.org/rpi?rev=$(awk '/^Revision/ { print $3 }' /proc/cpuinfo)

I’ve got a Raspberry 5, lets start experimenting

So many things to try .. and probably buy.
I’m lucky to have this already, official it’s not even out yet.

Specification

  • Processor : Broadcom BCM2712 2.4GHz quad-core 64-bit Arm Cortex-A76 CPU, B with cryptography extensions, 512KB per-core L2 caches, and a 2MB shared L3 cache

Features:

  • VideoCore VII GPU, supporting OpenGL ES 3.1, Vulkan 1.2
  • Dual 4Kp60 HDMI® display output with HDR support
  • 4Kp60 HEVC decoder
  • LPDDR4X-4267 SDRAM
    (4GB and 8GB SKUs available at launch)
  • Dual-band 802.11ac Wi-Fi
  • Bluetooth 5.0 / Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
  • microSD card slot, with support for high-speed SDR104 mode
  • 2 × USB 3.0 ports, supporting simultaneous 5Gbps operation
  • 2 × USB 2.0 ports
  • Gigabit Ethernet, with PoE+ support
    (requires separate PoE+ HAT)
  • 2 × 4-lane MIPI camera/display transceivers
  • PCIe 2.0 x1 interface for fast peripherals
    (requires separate M.2 HAT or other adapter)
  • 5V/5A DC power via USB-C, with Power Delivery support
  • Raspberry Pi standard 40-pin header
  • Real-time clock (RTC), powered from external battery
  • Power button

Some things come to mind to test:

  • Kubernetes
  • Dual Camera OpenCV – depthmap and more

You really want to use a case with an active blower to cool the rpi.

Measurements without cooling:

  • Power off – part most hot 28 degrees
  • Power on – Idle, around 40 degrees
  • Power on – Playing 4k for 5 minutes – 60+ degrees

Flir info https://www.henriaanstoot.nl/2023/06/05/checking-faulty-chips-hardware/

I didn’t have a image for Raspberry OS 5 at first, so I took a rpi 4 version and first replaced files in /boot
(Device Tree blob files)

Now at least i could boot into an OS.

Later I got a link to the Alpha boot images, this greatly improved usability and speed 🙂

Youtube 4k movie on a 2560×1080 monitor

Made a little overview website:

https://media.henriaanstoot.nl/websites/rpi5/index.html

Playing with lasercutter steppermotors

Busy day: I’ve airbrushed some 3D pieces a few days ago, but i need 50 or so more.
Meanwhile is was reinstalling octoprint, and making a new version of my Bluetooth page flipper. (Android Music Sheet Pedal Thingy. Which i also didn’t post apparently)
But the main project was this:

I was curious how fast the stepper motors are on my laser cutter. And for what can we utilize this!

So I took a Raspberry Zero and some rotary encoders, lets make an etch-a-sketch like thingy.


Some rotary encoder modules I had.

Next to do: 3D print a pen holder, and alter the code to enable the laser when moving!

CODE

Below code uses a simple rotary class, and generates control GCodes for the steppers/Sculpfun

import time
import serial
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
from encoder import Encoder

def valueChanged(value, direction):
    print("* New value: {}, Direction: {}".format(value, direction))

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

e1 = Encoder(20, 21, valueChanged)
e2 = Encoder(16, 12, valueChanged)

x = 0
y = 0
arduino = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyUSB0', 115200, timeout=.1)

newx = 0
mystringx = ""
newy = 0
mystringy = ""

arduino.write(str.encode("G00 G17 G40 G21 G54\r\n"))
arduino.write(str.encode('G90\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('M4\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('M8\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('G0 X41.5Y36.05\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('M3\r\n'))
#arduino.write(str.encode('G91\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('G1 X2.5F6000S0\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('G1 X0\r\n'))
arduino.write(str.encode('G1 Y0\r\n'))

try:
    while True:
        data = arduino.readline()[:-2] #the last bit gets rid of the new-line chars
        if data:
                print (data)
        arduino.write(str.encode("G1 F10000\r\n"))
        newx=e1.getValue() *5 + 100
        newy=e2.getValue() *5 + 100
        mystringx=f"G1 X{newx}\r\n"
        mystringy=f"G1 Y{newy}\r\n"
#        print(mystringx)
        arduino.write(str.encode(mystringx))
        arduino.write(str.encode(mystringy))

except Exception:
    pass

GPIO.cleanup()

Mobile Raspberry Access Point with Mqtt and a display

UPDATE: 20230214 / 20230224

Install Bullseye on a SDCard

Enable wifi country code using raspi-conf
(While you at it, enable I2C for the display)

Install and configure an Access Point

# As root
apt update
apt upgrade
apt install hostapd
apt install dnsmasq
systemctl stop hostapd
systemctl stop dnsmasq

cat <<EOF > /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
interface=wlan0
driver=nl80211
ssid=escape
hw_mode=g
channel=6
wmm_enabled=0
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=mysecretpass
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
EOF

cat <<EOF >> /etc/dnsmasq.conf
interface=wlan0
bind-dynamic
domain-needed
bogus-priv
dhcp-range=192.168.50.150,192.168.50.200,255.255.255.0,12h
EOF

cat <<EOF >> /etc/dhcpcd.conf
interface wlan0
nohook wpa_supplicant
static ip_address=192.168.50.10/24
static routers=192.168.50.1
static domain_name_servers=8.8.8.8
EOF

sed -i s/#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/g /etc/sysctl.conf


mkdir /etc/nftables
cat <<EOF > /etc/nftables/nft-stat-ap.nft
flush ruleset

table inet ap {
        chain routethrough {
                type nat hook postrouting priority filter; policy accept;
                oifname "eth0" masquerade
        }

        chain fward {
                type filter hook forward priority filter; policy accept;
                iifname "eth0" oifname "wlan0" ct state established,related accept
                iifname "wlan0" oifname "eth0" accept
        }
}
EOF

chmod +x /etc/nftables/nft-stat-ap.nft
cat /etc/nftables.conf | grep nft-stat-ap.nft || echo 'include "/etc/nftables/nft-stat-ap.nft"' >> /etc/nftables.conf

systemctl unmask hostapd
systemctl enable hostapd
systemctl enable nftables

reboot

UPDATE: 20230214

Now in its case, added two buttons and one led.

UPDATE : 20230224 mqtt config

apt-get install mosquitto mosquitto-clients

vi /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/remotemqtt.conf
per_listener_settings true
# internal mqtt
listener 1883
allow_anonymous true
# connection over the internet
connection bridge-01
address remoteserver:8883
bridge_cafile /etc/mosquitto/certs/ca.crt
bridge_keyfile /etc/mosquitto/certs/remoteaccesspoint.key
bridge_certfile /etc/mosquitto/certs/remoteaccesspoint.crt
topic escape/# both 0
remote_username remoteuser
remote_password remotepass

########## remote server config

cd /etc/mosquitto
mosquitto_passwd passwords remoteuser

cd /etc/mosquitto/certs
./generate-CA.sh client remoteaccesspoint

copy ca.crt remoteaccesspoint.key and remoteaccesspoint.crt to accesspoint

mosquitto.conf
pid_file /var/run/mosquitto.pid
persistence true
persistence_location /var/lib/mosquitto/
#per_listener_settings true
# Plain MQTT protocol
listener 1883
allow_anonymous true
# End of plain MQTT configuration
# MQTT over TLS/SSL
listener 8883
cafile /etc/mosquitto/certs/ca.crt
certfile /etc/mosquitto/certs/webserver.fash.lab.crt
keyfile /etc/mosquitto/certs/webserver.fash.lab.key
allow_anonymous false
password_file /etc/mosquitto/passwords
# End of MQTT over TLS/SLL configuration
listener 9001
protocol websockets
# End of plain Websockets configuration
# WebSockets over TLS/SSL
listener 9883
protocol websockets
cafile /etc/mosquitto/certs/ca.crt
certfile /etc/mosquitto/certs/webserver.fash.lab.crt
keyfile /etc/mosquitto/certs/webserver.fash.lab.key
log_dest file /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log
include_dir /etc/mosquitto/conf.d
connection bridge-01
address extramqttserver:1883
topic lscspm1/# both 0
topic owntracks/# both 0
topic escape/# both 0

log_type all


Controlling Display and MQTT messages examples

apt-get install python3-smbus

python3 printline.py -1 "line 1" -2 "line 2"

wget https://github.com/emcniece/rpi-lcd/blob/master/RPi_I2C_driver.py

cat printline.py
# requires RPi_I2C_driver.py
import RPi_I2C_driver
from time import *
import sys, getopt

#python3 fix
unichr = chr 

mylcd = RPi_I2C_driver.lcd()
# test 2                  1234567812345678


def main(argv):
   line1 = ''
   line2 = ''
   try:
      opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv,"h1:2:",["txt1=","txt2="])
   except getopt.GetoptError:
      print ('printline.py -1 <line1> -2 <line2>')
      sys.exit(2)
   for opt, arg in opts:
      if opt == '-h':
         print ('printline.py -1 <line1> -2 <line2>')
         sys.exit()
      elif opt in ("-1", "--txt1"):
         line1 = arg
      elif opt in ("-2", "--txt2"):
         line2 = arg

   mylcd.lcd_display_string(line1, 1)
   mylcd.lcd_display_string(line2, 2)
if __name__ == "__main__":
   main(sys.argv[1:])

Print internal and external ip

myip=$(/usr/sbin/ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet " | awk '{ print $2 }')
extip=$(curl -s http://whatismyip.akamai.com/)
python3 printline.py -1 "i $myip" -2 "e $extip"

mosquitto health tester

timeout 1 mosquitto_sub -t '$SYS/#' -C 1 | grep -v Error || exit 1

Button press shutdown

raspi-gpio get 27  | grep level=0 >/dev/null 
if [ $? == 0 ] ; then

python3 printline.py -1 "shutting" -2 "down"
/usr/sbin/halt -p
fi

Cleaned-up minimal mqtt poster

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

const char* ssid = "ssidname";
const char* password = "ssidpass";
const char* mqttServer = "192.168.50.10";

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);


void initWiFi() {
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi ..");
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print('.');
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}


void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
initWiFi();
  Serial.print("RRSI: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.RSSI());
    client.setClient(espClient);
    client.setServer(mqttServer,1883);
 if (client.connect("testmodule")) {

      Serial.println("connected");
 client.publish("escape/testclient", "connected");
    } else {
            Serial.println("Mqtt not connected");
    }

}

void loop() {
        }

}

Wanted to make a mini Sid Player, and failed

I’ve got an old Speaker Phat, and a Raspberry Zero

An audio add-on board for Raspberry ( same size as the Zero )
Connections

My initial idea was to have the “High Voltage Sid Collection” (Downloaded the 55000 pack)
On a mini device, battery operated and with a little keypad.

On the keypad i can select the Sidtune to play, or pressing
A and a number the Sids from a certain artist.

The display gives you information about the tune being played.
( The display has an I2C hat to convert 8bits to I2C )

See pinout phat above.
I’ve got three choices for I2C connection (green/blue to the Phat)

  • Direct connect and use different addresses
  • Use a I2C hub and different addresses
  • Define a secondary I2C on the raspberry

So I made the first test setup …

Underrun occurred .. So back to the drawingboard.
I probably need a better Audio Hat.
First to try .. Zero fast enough for sidplay2?
Maybe audio over hdmi works??

Shelly Flood Sensor

I’ve had this Shelly sensor for a long time. But never posted anything about this.
Last weekend we had a -situation- in our kitchen, so what better time to test this device again!

This little disc shaped device has three metal points on its bottom side, those are the flood (water) sensors.
It stay’s in sleep mode when all’s good.
It does several things when it detects water.

  • Emits a alarm signal
  • Wakes-up wifi
    • Sends a MQTT message (when not connected to the cloud like i have)
      MQTT is a alarm message AND it wil send the temperature of the device!
  • After a while (when dry) goes back to sleep

There are connection point on the print you can use .. happy hacking!

My node-red configuration

Above is the part where the mqtt messages gets processed by Node-Red
Sending it to PushOver and my little MqttLcdNotifier

Above is the MqttLcdNotifer .. there are several parts to this

  • Top line is from shelly flood and other notifications
  • Text input puts text from the NR GUI on my TV and the LCDDisplay
    • same parts are being used by my 3D printer when the print tool is getting TO hot, or printing is finished
  • Trigger at work WAS a notification for work .. nonfunc
  • mqttlcd-button is the mqtt message send from the display (the one that i was pushing) to stop the beeping and clears the display
  • Bash notify, is as previously posted a flow which i can control from my linux machines notify “compiling complete” for example.
    This is also being broadcast from my livingroom using speakers.
    (See separate post about this)

Wellll, put this in place 2 years ago, never looked at it again .. still works

Volume is low, due to alarm sounds 🙂

Generic matrix keyboard

In this case designed for my 6502, but it is a generic setup.

I it just a dual 16key matrix decoder merged together. You can probably use this with raspberries, arduinos etc.

I wanted to use 74C923 but these are nowhere to be found. And even then, the number of keys wil be 20.
So i am tying together two 74C922 using some logic in a PLD.

First draft

It wil be something like above. Using the data availabe signal i can combine both 16key matrixes. (In theory .. it is all untested)

PLD Code

GAL22V10
Address Decoder

PHI2 DA0 DA1 D01 D02 D03 D04 D11 D12 D13 D14 GND
NC D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 DA NC NC NC NC VCC

DA = DA0 + DA1
D0 = D01 & DA0 + D11 & DA1
D1 = D02 & DA0 + D12 & DA1
D2 = D03 & DA0 + D13 & DA1
D3 = D04 & DA0 + D14 & DA1
D4 = DA1 

DESCRIPTION
Key matrix merger

I’ve got my new keys of the keyboard in today!

  • 0-F – hex keys
  • G = Go
  • R = Reset
  • S = Step
  • M = Memory
  • Cursor keys (up/down for memory locations)
  • ??? I’ve got room for 8 more keys

My inkscape template (keys are 10/10mm)

Printed on white and red paper

https://media.henriaanstoot.nl/keyboardmatrix.svg

MCH2022 Badge

Almost … friday will be the day i’ll attend May Contain Hackers.
Besides the awesome villages and talks.

UPDATE: 20220727
UPDATE: 20220812

You get a hackable badge, this one is more amazing as previous versions.

I can’t wait to have a go at this cool gadget. I personally could do without the pcb fancy design.

  • Espressif ESP32 Wrover-E with 16MB of flash storage and paired with 8MB of PSRAM, for front-end badge computing and compatibility with the badge.team ecosystem back to the 2017 SHA badge.
  • Lattice ICE40UP5K FPGA for hardware-accelerated graphics and user FPGA hardware designs.
  • Raspberry Pi RP2040 for advanced USB communication and board management.
  • 2Ah LiPo battery to give you a full day of fun on a charge.
  • 16-bit DAC with stereo output to headphone socket, onboard mono speaker.
  • ILI9341 2.2 inch TFT display with a 240 by 320 pixel resolution.
  • Bosch BNO055 orientation sensor.
  • Bosch BME680 environmental sensor.
  • The usual array of addressable LEDs.
  • SAO and Qwiic expansion connectors, FPGA PMOD expansion, plus onboard prototyping area.

Downloadable apps, micro python, Arduino ide programming.
All kinds of GPIO pins, leds buttons, sound.
Check out https://hatchery.badge.team/

You can play with this virtually here!
https://wokwi.com/projects/335445228923126356

So much potential! Great start for a DIY project.

I won’t post about the workings, thats all well documented online.
I shall post about the hacks/findings i personally did.

UPDATE: 20220727
Made a micropython program to keep your NameTag level to the ground (Better version)

UPDATE: 20220812

Someone made a 8bit logic analyser using the pmod connector !

Mini C64 for MCH2022

Cool little C64 gadget for MCH2022

Next week i’ll be going to May Contain Hackers 2022, what to bring?
My old friend Bigred will be there, many others couldn’t make it …

What to bring and do:

  • Laptops
  • Arduino touch project?
  • My new 6502 breadboard computer?
  • The DVB-T / DAB / FM stick
  • Besides the emulators on my laptop, maybe i’ll bring this little thing
    (Or a real C64?)

Booting in 4 seconds!
Running Vice in 50 or 60 Hz
Low latency video!
Can emulate cartrides, floppy’s
When you connect joysticks or a real C64 keyboard to the GPIO pins it will use that.
SID sound using ReSid
CRT emulation
(look for BMC64 or combian)